基于遥感的内陆水体水质监测研究进展

Progress in research on inland water quality monitoring based on remote sensing

从遥感数据、反演方法和水质参数三方面综述了水质遥感监测的研究进展,介绍了国内外常用遥感数据,对比了分析法、经验法、半经验法、机器学习和综合法五种反演方法的优缺点,总结了叶绿素a、悬浮物、有色可溶性有机物等光敏参数和化学需氧量、生化需氧量、总磷和总氮等非光敏参数的研究进展。目前内陆水体水质遥感监测在卫星传感器的针对性、反演算法的时空局限性、水质参数光谱特征的复杂性、大气校正的精确性和特殊类型水体的水质监测等方面还存在问题;指出未来水质遥感监测应围绕新型遥感数据、通用反演模型、不同光谱特征、精确大气校正和特殊水体分类等方面开展。

Progress in research on water quality monitoring using remote sensing were reviewed from the aspects of remote sensing data,retrieval methods,and water quality parameters.Remote sensing data commonly used at home and abroad were introduced.The advantages and disadvantages of five retrieval methods(the analytic method,empirical method,semi-empirical method,machine learning,and comprehensive method)were compared.The research on optically active parameters(chlorophyll-a,suspended matter,and colored dissolved organic matter)and non-optically active parameters(chemical oxygen demand,biochemical oxygen demand,total phosphorus,and total nitrogen)was summarized.At present,there are still some problems in inland water quality monitoring using remote sensing,regarding the pertinence of satellite sensors,the spatiotemporal limitation of retrieval methods,the complexity of spectral characteristics of water quality parameters,the accuracy of atmospheric correction,and the water quality monitoring of special types of water.It is pointed out that the remote sensing monitoring of water quality in the future should focus on new remote sensing data,general retrieval models,different spectral characteristics,accurate atmospheric correction,and classification of special water types.