协调发电量及弃水量的水库群汛前消落水位研究

Research on the Drawdown Level of Cascade Reservoirs before Flood Season in Coordination of the Power Generation and the Spilled Water

汛前消落水位是连接梯级水库枯水期和主汛期的关键水位。现有消落水位研究多强调消落期发电效益,而不考虑主汛期弃水风险,且难于考虑机组检修、生态流量等复杂约束条件,导致研究成果在实际中难以应用。为此,以梯级水库的发电量最大和弃水量最小为目标,提出一种双层优化调度模型:外层优化水库群汛前消落水位,内层采用DDDP-SA算法优化水库群枯水期至主汛期的调度轨迹,同时由历年机组检修情况确定出力约束,综合确定梯级水库汛前消落水位区间。以清江梯级水库为例,推荐的水布垭及隔河岩水库的汛前消落水位区间分别为368~371 m、185.5~187 m。提出的方法能为梯级水库汛前消落水位制定提供技术支撑。

The drawdown water level before the flood season is the key water level connecting the dry and flood seasons of the cascade reservoir.With regard to the drawdown level before the flood,most studies have emphasized the benefit of power generation before the flood season,regardless of the risk of spilled water in the main flood season,and it is difficult to consider the complex constraints such as unit maintenance,ecological flow,leading to the difficult application of the research results in practice.Therefore,with the goal of the maximum power generation and minimum spilled water for cascade reservoir,a double-layer optimal operation model is proposed:the outer layer optimizes the drawdown level before the flood,the inner layer uses DDDP-SA algorithm to optimize the operation trajectory from the dry season to the main flood season,and the output constraint of the cascade power station is determined by the unit maintenance of cascade power station,and determine the drawdown water level range of the cascade reservoir.In Qingjiang Cascade Reservoir,the recommended drawdown water level range of Shubuya Reservoir and Geheyan Reservoir is 368~371 m and 185.5~187 m,respectively.The proposed method can provide technical support for the formulation of the drawdown level before the flood in cascade reservoirs.