我国城乡基本公共服务的阶段性跨越——现代化进程中的透视

The Phased Leaps of the Urban-Rural Essential Public Services in China——Perspective in the Process of Modernization

在现代化进程中,城乡基本公共服务伴随着社会生产力发展、经济制度和社会制度的变革经历了一个从无到有、由点到面、从零散到系统的演变,面对不同时期的主要困难和主要历史任务,实现了阶段性的逐步跨越。新中国成立之后首先解决了基本公共服务从无到有的构建问题;改革开放后逐步确立了社会主义市场经济体制,不充分的问题逐步改善,但与此同时政府逐步意识到城乡不平衡的问题更为突出,并开始逐步解决;进入新时代,社会主要矛盾发生变化,从单位集体福利中剥离出来的基本公共服务,最终成为实现发展成果共享的载体和独立政策体系。在现代化的不同阶段所形成的城乡基本公共服务格局,既有其总体发展的必然性,也有不同时代背景的独特烙印。当前的新发展格局下,我国城乡公共服务已推进到城乡融合发展的新阶段,这种融合发展格局的深入推进,必将反过来促进现代化向更高级阶段跨越。

In the process of modernization,it can be found that China's urban-rural essential public services have experienced an evolution from scratch,from point to surface,from scattered to systematic with the development of social productive forces and the transformation of economic and social systems,and achieved the phased and gradual leap forward in different periods with different historical problems and tasks.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,it firstly solved the construction of essential public services from scratch.After the reform and opening up,the socialist market economic system was gradually established,and the insufficient problems were gradually improved.At the same time,the government gradually realized that the problem of urban-rural imbalance became more prominent and began to solve it step by step.In the new era,the main social contradictions have changed,and the essential public services separated from the collective welfare eventually become the carrier and independent policy system to realize the sharing of development achievements.The arrangement of urban-rural essential public services formed in different stages of modernization not only has the inevitability of its overall development,but also has the unique brand of different times.Under the current new development pattern,China's urban-rural public services have been promoted to a new stage of urban-rural integrated development.The in-depth promotion of this integrated development pattern will in turn promote the leap of modernization to a higher stage.