校园欺凌旁观者道德敏感性与道德推脱的关系研究

On the Relationship Between Bystanders'Moral Sensitivity and Moral Disengagement in School Bullying

背景:对校园欺凌积极旁观者和消极旁观者的道德敏感性和道德推脱水平对比分析,并从人口学变量角度进行探讨,旨在更清晰的了解校园欺凌消极旁观者的成因,降低校园欺凌事件的发生率。方法:采用角色倾向问卷、道德敏感问卷、青少年道德推脱问卷对546名高校研究生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)校园欺凌旁观者角色类别(P<0.05)、道德推脱(P<0.001)两因素上均存在显著的性别差异。(2)校园欺凌旁观者角色类别(P<0.05)、道德敏感性(P<0.05)、道德推脱(P<0.001)三因素上均存在显著的欺凌经历差异。(3)道德敏感性(P<0.001)、道德推脱(P<0.01)两因素在校园欺凌角色类别(分为消极旁观者和积极旁观者)上均存在显著差异。(4)角色类别在预测道德敏感性和道德推脱上均达到了显著水平。结论:校园欺凌消极旁观者的道德敏感性和道德推脱水平与积极旁观者存在显著差异,消极旁观者的道德敏感性高于积极旁观者,道德推脱水平低于积极旁观者。

Objective:To compare and analyze the moral sensitivity and moral disengagement level of positive and negative bystanders in middle school students'school bullying,and to discuss the causes of negative bystanders in school bullying from the perspective of demographic variables,in order to better understand the causes of negative bystanders in school bullying and reduce the incidence of school bullying incidents.Methods:546 postgraduates were investigated by role-orientation questionnaire,moral sensitivity questionnaire and adolescent moral disengagement questionnaire.Results:(1)There were significant gender differences in bystander role category(P<0.05)and moral dissimulation(P<0.001).(2)There were significant differences in bullying experience among bystander role categories(P<0.05),moral sensitivity(P<0.05)and moral disengagement(P<0.001).(3)There were significant differences between moral sensitivity(P<0.001)and moral disengagement(P<0.01)in bullying role categories(negative bystanders and positive bystanders).(4)Role categories were significant in predicting moral sensitivity and moral disengagement.Conclusion:The moral sensitivity and moral disengagement of negative bystanders are significantly different from those of positive bystanders,the moral sensitivity of negative bystanders is higher than that of positive bystanders,and the moral disengagement of negative bystanders is lower than that of positive bystanders.