职业韧性在工作负荷与护士情绪衰竭间的调节作用

The moderating role of career resilience on the relationship between workload and emotional exhaustion

目的近年来,职业韧性作为核心素质,在职业领域日益受到重视。本研究调查当前护士工作负荷与情绪衰竭现状,分析职业韧性在工作负荷与情绪衰竭间的调节作用,为提升护士职业韧性以降低其情绪衰竭做参考。方法采用便利抽样法,于2020年8—10月选取浙江省10所公立医院466名护士为研究对象。采用工作负荷量表、职业韧性量表和情绪衰竭量表进行测量。采用SPSS 20.0和Amos 13.0统计学软件进行数据分析。结果护士工作负荷得分为(3.73±0.52)分,职业韧性得分为(3.44±0.76)分,情绪衰竭得分为(3.60±0.49)分。不同性别、工作年限、职称的护士,其工作负荷和情绪衰竭得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。相关分析显示,工作负荷与职业韧性呈负相关关系(r=-0.362,P<0.001),与情绪衰竭呈正相关相关(r=0.476,P<0.001);职业韧性与情绪衰竭呈负相关关系(r=-0.306,P<0.001)。多元回归分析和简单斜率分析显示,职业韧性在工作负荷与情绪衰竭间具有调节作用。结论工作负荷是影响护士工作情绪衰竭的重要因素,提高护士职业韧性可以缓解工作负荷对情绪衰竭的正向作用。

Objective Career resilience is an increasingly important but under-researched aspect of modern careers,especially amongst nurses.To improve nurses'career resilience and relieve emotional exhaustion,this study aimed to investigate the current situation of workload and emotional exhaustion and explore whether career resilience moderates the effect of workload on emotional exhaustion.Methods Using convenience sampling methods,466 nurses enrolled in ten public hospitals in Zhejiang Province were selected as subjects from August to October in 2020.They were investigated by workload scale,career resilience scale and work emotional exhaustion scale.Data were analysed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 13.0.Results The scores of workload,career resilience and emotional exhaustion of nurses were(3.73±0.52)points,(3.44±0.76)points and(3.60±0.49)points,respectively.The scores of workload and work emotional exhaustion were statistically significant for gender,working years and positional titles.Correlation analyses showed that workload was negatively associated with career resilience(r=-0.362,P<0.001)but positively associated with emotional exhaustion(r=0.476,P<0.001).Career resilience was negatively related to emotional exhaustion(r=-0.306,P<0.001).Multiple regression analysis and sample slope analysis showed that career resilience moderated the relationship between workload and emotional exhaustion.Conclusion Workload is an important factor affecting nurses'emotional exhaustion.High career resilience can relieve the positive effect of workload on emotional exhaustion.