心包脂肪组织与心血管疾病关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between pericardial adipose tissue and cardiovascular disease

心包脂肪组织(PAT)是近年来心脏病学评估的重要生物标志物。在生理条件下,PAT具有产热和保护心脏的作用;在病理状态下,PAT通过分泌多种生物活性介质,参与炎症反应、氧化应激反应、内皮功能紊乱、血管收缩和血管平滑肌细胞的局部增殖等,加速动脉粥样硬化的进程,诱发病理性组织重塑和心肌纤维化,促进心血管疾病(CVD)的进一步发展。心脏超声、CT、MRI等影像学方法是无创检测心包脂肪的主要手段。目前的研究表明,PAT与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、心力衰竭、心律失常的发生发展相关。本研究主要就PAT的解剖结构、测量方法及临床应用进行了综述。

Pericardial adipose tissue(PAT)is an important biomarker in cardiology evaluation in recent years.Under physiological conditions,PAT can produce heat and protect the heart;in pathological state,PAT can secrete a variety of bioactive mediators to participate in inflammatory response,oxidative stress response,endothelial dysfunction,vasoconstriction and local proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell,accelerate the process of atherosclerosis,induce pathological tissue remodeling and myocardial fibrosis,and promote the further development of cardiovascular disease(CVD).Cardiac ultrasound,CT,MRI and other imaging methods are the main means of noninvasive detection of pericardial fat.Recent studies have shown that PAT is associated with the occurrence and development of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,heart failure and arrhythmia.This study mainly reviews the anatomical structure,measurement methods and clinical application of PAT.