资源环境对经济增长的要素驱动及贡献份额研究——基于我国省级面板数据的实证分析

Factor Drive and Contribution of Resources and Environment to Economic Growth: an Empirical Study Based on the Provincial Panel Data in China

通过构建包含资源和环境因素的扩展索洛模型,基于2004—2020年我国省级面板数据,采用C-D生产函数法实证考察资源环境对我国经济增长的影响以及实际贡献程度。研究发现,我国经济增长存在规模报酬递增效应,资源投入对产出的影响较为明显,在一定程度上显示出资源集约型增长态势,劳动投入和资本投入依次呈显著正向影响,环境投入则呈现负向影响;各投入因素对我国不同地区经济增长的影响差别各异,本质原因在于不同区域间经济增长的源泉不同;考虑资源环境后,各要素投入对我国经济增长的贡献率分别为47.37%、33.66%、8.06%、6.76%、4.15%,相比传统的全要素贡献率显著性降低;不同区域间各投入要素对于经济增长的贡献率也有很大差异,东部地区的资源和环境对经济增长的贡献率远大于资本和劳动的贡献率,中西部地区则相反。因此,要厘清政府和市场的边界效应,向“制度优势”和“效率红利”转变;推进经济体制改革,提高科技进步、制度体制和结构变动对经济增长的贡献;要推动改革开放向纵深领域发展,不断推动生产边界阵地前移。

By constructing an extended Solow model that includes resources and environmental factors,based on 2004—2020 China’s provincial panel data,the C-D production function method is used to empirically investigate the impact of resource and environment on China’s economic growth and the actual contribution.The study found that China’s economic growth has an effect of increasing returns to scale,and the impact of resource input on output is obvious.To a certain extent,it shows a resource-intensive growth trend.Labor input and capital input have a significant positive impact in turn,and environmental input negative effect;the impact of various input factors on the economic growth varies in different regions of China,and the essential reason is that the sources of their economic growth are different;After considering the resources and environment,the contribution rates of each factor input to China’s economic growth are 47.37%,33.66%,8.06%,6.76%,4.15%,which are significantly lower than the traditional total factor contribution rate;The contribution rates of each input factor to economic growth in different regions is also very different.The contribution rate of growth is much greater than the contribution rate of capital and labor in the eastern regions,but the opposite is true for the central and western regions.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the boundary effect between the government and the market and shift to "institutional advantages" and "efficiency dividends";Promote economic system reform and increase the contribution of technological progress,institutional system and structural changes to economic growth;Carry out the reform and opening up to the depth of relevant fields,and constantly push forward the production boundary position.