凯·尼尔森平等主义正义观的理论构建——基于对马克思主义正义理论的辩护与发展

The Theoretical Construction of Kai Nielsen’s Egalitarian Justice View——Based on the Defense and Development of Marxist Theory of Justice

凯·尼尔森根据马克思主义的理论传统建构的平等主义正义论可以追溯到他关于马克思主义正义论的阐释上。首先,凯·尼尔森认为只有捍卫了马克思主义道德观的可能性和合理性,对平等与正义等道德思想的研究才可以深入。其次,他坚持马克思主义平等与正义思想的"要义",认为真正的平等只有在消灭了阶级的无阶级社会里才可以实现。再次,凯·尼尔森依据马克思主义的平等与正义思想及其阶级分析思路,建构了走向彻底的平等主义正义社会的正义观。这种平等主义正义观所承诺的平等主要包括"平等有效的自由"和"需要的平等满足"等内容。甚至可以说,凯·尼尔森的平等主义正义理论是他关于马克思恩格斯正义论的一种当代阐释和重构。

Kai Nielsen’s egalitarian theory of justice based on Marxist theoretical tradition can be traced back to his interpretation of Marxist theory of justice.First of all,Kai Nielsen believes that only by defending the possibility and rationality of Marxist moral concept,the study of equality and justice and other moral ideas can be deepened.Secondly,he insisted on the“Essence”of Marxist ideology of equality and justice,holding that true equality could only be achieved by eliminating class classless society.Thirdly,based on the Marxist thought of equality and justice and its class analysis,Kai Nielsen constructed the concept of justice towards a completely egalitarian society.The equality that this kind of equalitarianism justice view promises mainly includes“Equal and effective freedom”and“Equal satisfaction of needs”and so on.It can even be said that Kai Nielsen’s egalitarian theory of justice is a contemporary interpretation and reconstruction of Marx and Engels’ s theory of justice.