茶树鲜叶氨基酸含量与土壤养分的相关性

Correlation between Amino Acids Content of Fresh Tea Leaves and Nutrients in Soil

【目的】系统分析土壤养分与秋季茶树鲜叶氨基酸含量的相关性,确定适合秋季茶树氨基酸合成和积累的最佳土壤生长环境。【方法】根据变量投影重要性筛选出对秋季茶树鲜叶氨基酸含量具有显著影响的土壤养分指标,运用偏最小二乘回归分析建立线性规划方程组,用LINGGO软件求解得出有利于茶树鲜叶氨基酸合成和积累的土壤养分优化方案。【结果】土壤养分各指标间存在多重共线性,茶树鲜叶氨基酸含量与土壤养分存在相关性;有利于茶树鲜叶氨基酸积累的土壤养分最优值分别为pH4.39~4.85,有机质31.91 g·kg^(−1)(牛磺酸和甘氨酸的最优值为34.6 g·kg^(−1)),全磷0.44~0.52 g·kg^(−1),全钾20.01 g·kg^(−1),全氮1.73~2.13 g·kg^(−1),速效磷178.27~219.77 mg·kg^(−1),速效钾180.38~196.54 mg·kg^(−1)和速效氮73.22~143.48 mg·kg^(−1)。【结论】不同土壤养分对秋季茶树鲜叶氨基酸组分及含量影响不同,在茶园栽培管理中,多施有机肥、提高土壤速效养分含量、改良酸化土壤、增施氮肥,特别是速效氮,能够提高秋季茶树鲜叶氨基酸含量。

【Objective】Correlation between soil nutrients and amino acids content of fresh tea leaves in autumn was analyzed to optimize the cultivation.【Method】Based on the projected importance of variables,indices on soil nutrients that significantly affect the amino acids in fresh tea leaves were used in a partial least squares regression analysis to establish linear programming equations.A scheme to optimize the amino acids synthesis and accumulation in tea leaves through soil management was formulated using LINGGO software.【Result】Correlations between the amino acids in fresh tea leaves and the nutrients in the cultivation soil were obtained.The optimal soil pH for amino acids accumulation in tea leaves was in the range of 4.39 and 4.85,the organic matters at 31.91g·kg^(−1)(that for taurine and glycine,34.6 g·kg^(−1)),the total phosphorus 0.44–0.52 g·kg^(−1),the total potassium at 20.01 g·kg^(−1),the total nitrogen 1.73–2.13 g·kg^(−1),the available phosphorus 178.27–219.77 mg·kg^(−1),the available potassium 180.38–196.54 mg·kg^(−1),and the available nitrogen 73.22–143.48 mg·kg^(−1).【Conclusion】Different soil nutrients affected the composition of tea leave amino acids differently.A plantation managed to use organic fertilizer,mitigate acidification,and apply ample nutrients,especially available nitrogen,in the cultivation soil could significantly increase the amino acids content in tea leaves harvested in autumn.