湘西凤凰古城旅游发展中的地方法团主义:逻辑与结果

Local State Corporatism in the Tourism Development of the Ancient Town of Fenghuang:Logic and Consequences

地方法团主义产生于特定的环境条件,可用以剖析地方经济发展与社会结构演变中的政企关系。本文选取凤凰古城为案例,借助该理论分析古镇旅游地经营、发展与管理过程。结果发现,古镇旅游地发展中的地方法团主义运作涉及权力、资本、社会三方利益主体,各方凭借自身的角色与行为特征参与古镇旅游发展,并展现出多元利益博弈关系。权力和资本力量“共谋”了地方旅游业的发展进程,但社会力量同样可通过特定方式与创造性转化能力左右地方法团主义的机制与走向。然而,这种运作逻辑使该模式本身存在内在缺陷,容易引致不良的社会后果,需要由政府发挥其行政力量加以干预和克服。

Local state corporatism is a development strategy generated in a specific social environment.It aims to study the relationship between government and enterprises in local economic development and social structure evolution.Taking the ancient town of Fenghuang as an example,this paper analyzes the process of the operation,development,and management of destination tourism in ancient towns based on the theory of local state corporatism.Evidence has shown that the operation of local state corporatism in the development of tourist destinations involves three stakeholders:authority,capital,and society.These stakeholders participate in the tourism development of ancient towns with their respective roles and behavioral characteristics and,in so doing,present a game relationship of diversifi ed interests.The authority force conspires with the capital force to promote the development of local tourism,but social forces have also played a role in infl uencing the formation mechanism and development direction of local state corporatism.However,this type of operating logic can cause defects in the model itself,which can easily lead to certain social consequences.Thus,the government must exert its powerful administrative force to intervene in and overcome these potential problems.