杜威论婴儿心理发展阶段及其教育原则

On Dewey's Thought of Infant Psychological Development Stage and Infant Education Principles

受19世纪末儿童研究运动和现代心理学的影响,杜威在诸多演讲与论文中阐述了婴儿心理与生理发展的思想,并尝试将心理学研究结论应用到教育实践中,客观上促进了教育心理学化。根据婴儿的行为与心理特征,杜威创造性地将0~15个月的婴儿心理发展划分为三个阶段,提出婴儿的生长根源是器官之间的协调发展,最终达到有机体与外界刺激相适应的状态,并以此为基础提出了婴儿期的教育原则。杜威的婴儿心理发展与教育思想填补了20世纪初婴儿心理学研究的空白,提出了婴儿接受教育的可能性,并将心理学与教育学紧密结合,提高了婴儿教育方式的科学性与合理性。

Influenced by the children's research movement and modern psychology at the end of the 19th Century,Dewey discussed the thought of infant psychological and physiological development in many speeches and papers,and tried to apply the psychological conclusions to educational practices,which objectively promoted the development of educational psychology.According to the behavior and psychological characteristics of infants,Dewey creatively divided the psychological development of infants aged 0 to 15 months into three stages,put forward that the root of infant growth is the coordinated development between organs,and finally reaches the state that organisms adapt to external stimuli,and on this basis put forward the educational principles of infant stage.Dewey's infant psychological development and education thought filled the gap of infant psychology in the early 20th Century,put forward the possibility of infant education,and closely combined psychology and pedagogy to make infant education more scientific and rational.