三线建设的设计实践与教育培养--以三线建设厂矿基建处建筑师口述访谈为线索

Design Practice and Education Training in the Third Front Construction:An Interview with an Architect from the Infrastructure Division of the Third Front Plant

三线建设时期,我国短期内建设了大规模的工业和民用设施,工业建筑由此开始了地域化尝试,而分散在三线厂矿单位的基建处设计人员也激发出对地方性知识的创新使用,同时期的建筑教育及培养方式呈现出时代特点。文章以湖北省蒲圻纺织总厂基建处设计人员邓长源先生的口述访谈为线索,探寻在战备过渡期,动态社会变革如何致使计划经济时期的中国现代建筑教育模式发生转变,相关社群又是如何在新范式指导下开始新的设计工作。

During the construction of the Third Front,the short-term construction of large-scale industrial and civil facilities allowed for an attempt at regionalism of industrial architecture.Scattered in Third Front factories and mining bases,the designers of the infrastructure department inspired innovative use of local knowledge,and architectural education and training methods of the same period showed the characteristics of the times.With an oral interview with Mr.Deng Changyuan,a designer in the infrastructure department of the Puqi Textile General Factory in Hubei Province,this paper explores how dynamic social changes during the war transition period led to a paradigm shift in modern Chinese architectural education during the planned economy,and how the communities carried out design works guided by the new paradigm.