衍变与分异--英属海峡殖民地时期槟榔屿华埠住屋类型和文化取向

Evolution and Differentiation:Types and Cultural Orientations of Housing in the Chinatown of Penang Island

采用建筑类型学和现象学的研究方法,对英属海峡殖民地时期的槟榔屿乔治市海峡华埠住屋类型进行归类与文化取向分析,研究目的在于解读推动华埠住屋发展与演变的历史背景,剖析华人住屋的功能性、文化性和适应性。研究结果表明:第一,不同类型的住屋反映出华人社会的阶级差异对住屋的形塑作用;第二,东西方文化此消彼长的拉力作用对住屋的形成和演变起到全方位的影响,这也促成了住屋建造者对东西方文化的双重取向。研究丰富了住屋建筑的类型学内涵,也探讨了文化生产与空间表征的哲学建构。

This study employs a typological and phenomenological approach in architecture to classify and analyze the housing types of straits-born Chinese housing in George Town,Penang.The objective of this paper is to analyze and classify the types of straits-born Chinese housing from the lens of history,and meanwhile interpret the social,economic,cultural,political and environmental backgrounds which facilitate the development and evolutionary change of straits-born Chinese housing.Besides this,it accordingly analyzes the function,culture,and adaptability of Chinese housing.The results show that first,different types of housing reflect the social class differences in Chinese society and its impacts on buildings;second,the tension between Eastern and Western cultures generate an all-round influence on the formation and evolution of straits-born Chinese housing,which contributes to the double orientation between Western and Eastern culture in the process of Chinese housing construction in Penang.The results would help to deepen the research concerning architectural history within overseas Chinese study system and provide a certain degree of correlation and supplement for the study of veranda style architecture in South China and overseas Chinese architecture in Guangdong and Fujian.