纳西族乡土社群建造偏好研究--以茨满村为例

Research on the Construction Practice Preference of Naxi Rural Communities:A Case Study on Ciman Village

文章以乡土社群为研究对象,将传统民居看作社群自发性集体建造活动的产物,研究社群对民居建造做法的认知偏好。首先通过建造做法调查梳理出纳西族民居的建造流程及做法选项,接着以图像化的表达方式设计组织问卷,通过随机抽样对一个典型的纳西社群进行建造偏好调查。调查结果的统计分析发现,社群成员尽管普遍偏好华丽的建筑形式,但对自然材料和建造做法的民族特性更为重视。将社会调查方法运用到民居研究中的尝试,是对既有定性研究的验证和补充,也可为该地区乡村保护与建设实践提供数据支撑。

This paper investigates vernacular community,considers vernacular architecture as the product of spontaneous collective construction activities of the community members,and studies the community's subjective cognition of construction practices.Through fieldwork in Naxi area,it sorts out practice options in each step of the construction process of vernacular dwellings,according to which a questionnaire is designed in the form of graphical expression.Through random sampling,it then conducts a survey on the construction preferences of the community members in a typical Naxi village.The statistical analysis of the results shows that while community members generally prefer the more decorative architectural forms,they pay more attention to natural materials and ethnic identity represented in their dwellings.This paper is an attempt to apply social survey methods to the studies of vernacular architecture.Through quantitative research,it verifies and supplements the previous qualitative research,and provides data support for the practice in Naxi rural areas.