永磁有刷直流电动机齿槽转矩与电磁噪声研究

Study on cogging torque and electromagnetic noise of permanent magnet direct current motor

针对电动升降桌用永磁有刷直流电动机(PMDCM)的齿槽转矩与电磁噪声问题,对永磁体采用不同偏心结构的电动机展开研究。首先,对PMDCM的齿槽转矩与电磁激振力进行理论分析;其次,对永磁体采用不同偏心距离的PMDCM进行电磁仿真分析;然后,对永磁体采用不同偏心距离的PMDCM进行振动噪声(NVH)仿真分析;最后,研制了一台70W、4100r/min的样机对仿真结果进行验证。研究结果表明,通过加大永磁体的偏心距离可以削弱齿槽转矩与电磁激振力,但会降低电动机的转矩输出能力,故在PMDCM的设计阶段应合理选择永磁体的偏心距离。本文可为有噪声要求的小功率PMDCM设计提供参考。

Aiming at problem of the cogging torque and electromagnetic noise of permanent magnet direct current motor(PMDCM)for electric lifting table,the motors with different eccentric structures of poles are studied.Firstly,the cogging torque and electromagnetic exciting force of PMDCM are analyzed theoretically.Secondly,the electromagnetic simulation analysis of PMDCM with different eccentric distance is carried out.Then,noise vibration harshness(NVH)simulation analysis of PMDCM with different eccentric distance for poles is carried out.Finally,a 70W and 4100r/min prototype is developed to verify the simulation results.The results show that increasing the eccentricity of the poles can reduce the cogging torque and electromagnetic exciting force,but it will reduce the torque of the motor.Therefore,the eccentricity distance of the poles should be reasonably selected in the design stage of PMDCM.This paper provides a reference for the design of low power PMDCM with noise requirements.