发电机短路工况下风电机组传动链动力响应特性研究

Dynamic response characteristics of drivetrain of wind turbine under generator short circuit

为了确保风力发电机组设计的安全性,针对某兆瓦级双馈风电机组,对发电机短路工况下风电机组传动链的动力响应特性进行了研究。首先,基于Simpack/ANSYS建立了传动链多体动力学分析模型;然后,以发电机短路工况下的电磁转矩为激励载荷,定量分析了传动链上各级转轴扭矩传递规律,进一步研究了刹车盘转动惯量、联轴器阻尼比等因素对传动链动力响应特性的影响;最后,为了验证上述计算结果的可靠性,采用GH bladed对相同机组模型、相同工况进行仿真,开展了仿真一致性验证。研究结果表明:发电机短路工况下,齿轮箱高速级输出轴、输入轴处的瞬时扭矩峰值衰减最为显著,两相短路工况下分别比上一级衰减74.7%、47.6%,三相短路工况下分别比上一级衰减70.7%、46.4%;传动链扭矩峰值相比电磁转矩有迟滞性;刹车盘转动惯量和联轴器阻尼比对高速级瞬时扭矩有显著影响,联轴器转动惯量偏大、联轴器阻尼比偏小会导致高速轴瞬时扭矩峰值过大。该研究结果作为发电机短路故障分析、传动链各级零部件安全性评估与设计时的参考。

In order to ensure the safety of wind turbine design,the dynamic response characteristics of wind turbine drive chain under generator short-circuit condition were studied for a MW class double-fed wind turbine.Firstly,amulti-body dynamic simulation model of the drivetrain was established based on Simpack/ANSYS.Then,taking the electromagnetic torque generated by the generator short circuit as the excitation load,the torque transfer law of each shaft in the drivetrain was quantitatively analyzed,the influence of the moment of inertia of brake disc and coupling damping ratio on the dynamic response characteristics of the drivetrain was further studied.Finally,in order to verify the reliability of the above calculation results,the GH bladed was used to simulate the same unit model and the same working conditions,and the simulation consistency verification was carried out.The results indicate that the instantaneous torque peak attenuation at the high-speed output shaft and input shaft of the gearbox was the most significant under the generator short-circuit condition.In the two-phase short-circuit condition,the peak torque attenuation is 74.7%and 47.6%respectively compared with the previous stage,and in the three-phase short-circuit condition,the attenuation is 70.7%and 46.4%.Torque peak on the drivetrain is hysteretic compared with the electromagnetic torque.The moment of inertia of brake disc and coupling damping ratio have significant effects on the instantaneous torque of high-speed shaft.High rotational inertia and low damping ratio of coupling can lead to high instantaneous torque peak.The results have practical guiding significance for the analysis of generator short-circuit fault and the safety evaluation and design of components at all stages of drivetrain.