耐万古霉素肠球菌耐药机制的研究进展

Advances Research on Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus

肠球菌属是除葡萄球菌属以外,造成院内感染的最常见的革兰阳性菌,属于机会致病菌,可造成泌尿道感染、感染性心内膜炎、菌血症、复杂性皮肤及皮肤结构感染等。由于其自身结构的特异性,肠球菌通常对于青霉素类、头孢菌素类、低剂量氨基糖苷类和低剂量克林霉素类等抗菌药具有天然的耐药性。目前临床上治疗肠球菌感染常使用的抗生素为万古霉素。但由于抗生素的不规范使用、细菌基因的突变及新耐药基因的获得,导致耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)越来越常见。本文对VRE耐药机制的研究进展做一综述。

Enterococcus is the most common gram-positive bacteria that causes nosocomial infections except for Staphylococcus.It is an opportunistic pathogen and can cause urinary tract infections,infective endocarditis,bacteremia,complex skin and skin structural infection (cSSSI),etc.Due to its structural specificity,Enterococci usually have natural resistance to penicillins,cephalosporins,low levels of aminoglycosides,and low levels of clindamycin.At present,vancomycin is the most commonly used antibiotic for the treatment of enterococcal infections.However,due to the irregular use of antibiotics,the mutation of bacterial genes and the acquisition of new drug resistance genes,vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) are becoming more and more common.This paper covers a an overview of the mechanism of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci.