实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的内涵、机理与模式

Realizing Effective Connection of Consolidating and Expanding the Achievements of Poverty Alleviation and Rural Vitalization:Connotations,Mechanism and Modes

实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接亟需寻求系统性方案。文章从科学内涵出发,对实现二者有效衔接的内在逻辑与机理,地域类型分异与村庄分类视角下的模式选择及实现路径进行了系统研究,并提出了城乡融合发展下的扶贫开发与乡村振兴启示。结果表明:实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接本质上是通过缩小乡村内部分化水平,在转型统筹与良性互馈机制下,提升乡村居民发展能力与村庄发展禀赋的过程。脱贫攻坚解决乡村振兴的前端问题与底线短板,乡村振兴是对乡村地域整体功能的全方位诊断与优化,为乡村贫困问题的解决提供全方案。实现二者有效衔接需要从发展目标、发展主体、发展机制与实现路径上实现多维立体衔接,实现路径中政策供给是根本,要素供给是重点,动力供给是关键。不同类型地域与村庄需要选取差异化发展模式与路径。需要推进乡村全面振兴以破解贫困问题,促进乡村振兴与新型城镇化战略的整合协同,以城乡融合发展助推城乡地域系统功能的整体优化。

A systematic approach is urgently needed to realizing effective connection of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural vitalization.Starting from the scientific connotations,this paper systematically studies the internal logic and mechanism of realizing effective connection of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural vitalization,explores their development mode and implementation path from the perspective of territorial type differentiation and village classification,and puts forward the enlightenment on poverty alleviation and rural vitalization under urban-rural integrated development.The major results are drawn as follows:The essence of realizing effective connection of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural vitalization is a process which is to improve the ability of rural residents and the village endowment by reducing the rural differentiation level under the mechanism of overall transformation and benign mutual feedback.Poverty alleviation has solved the front-end problems as well as the bottom line and short slab of rural vitalization.Rural vitalization is a comprehensive diagnosis and optimization of the overall function of rural territory,and provides a comprehensive solution to rural poverty.To realize the effective connection between them,it is necessary to realize the multi-dimensional connection from the aspects of development goal,development mainstream,development mechanism and realization path.As for the realization path,policy supply is the fundamental,element supply is the priority and power supply is the key point.It needs to select differentiated development modes and paths matching different territorial types and villages.It is necessary to promote rural comprehensive vitalization to address poverty,promote the integration and coordination between rural vitalization and new-type urbanization strategy,and facilitate the overall optimization of the functions of urban-rural territorial system via implementing urban-rural integrated development.