不同营养型水库对鳙形态性状和风味物质的影响

Effects of different nutritional types of reservoirs on morphological traits and volatile flavor substances of Aristichthys nobilis

为探究不同水体营养型对鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)生长和风味形成的影响,选择富、中、贫营养型水库的鳙,测定其体质量、形态性状和挥发性风味物质。结果显示:不同营养型的水库对鳙体质量和形态性状有一定的影响,富营养型水库鳙体质量、全长、头长、吻长、背吻距、尾鳍长、尾柄高、体高、体宽显著低于中、贫营养型水库鳙,并且中营养型水库鳙全长、体长、背吻距、尾柄长显著高于贫营养型水库鳙;不同营养型水库鳙体质量和形态性状的回归方程相关系数R2达到0.9以上,其中全长和体高是主要影响因素;不同营养型水库鳙肌肉共鉴定出33种挥发性风味物质,其中贫营养型水库鳙肌肉所含挥发性风味物质种类最多,且共有挥发性风味物质基本以贫营养型含量最高。总体来看,中营养型水库适合鳙的生长,而贫营养型水库有利于风味物质的形成。

Different rearing environments can affect the growth and development,muscle quality,flavor formation and immune performance of aquatic animals,especially the nutritional types of water bodies.At present,reservoirs are different from rivers and lakes,which become an important part of inland water bodies.However,the water bodies of different reservoirs have different levels of nutrition.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the effects of different nutritional types of reservoirs on fish.Here,we explored the effects of different nutritional types on the growth and volatile flavor formation of Aristichthys nobilis.A.nobilis raised in high,medium,and low nutrition reservoirs were selected as materials.The body weight,morphological traits and flavor substances were determined.The results showed that the body weight and morphological traits of A.nobilis were affected by different nutritional types of water.The body weight,total length,head length,snout length,dorsal snout distance,caudal fin length,caudal stalk height,body height and body width of A.nobilis in the high-nutrition reservoirs were significantly lower than those in the medium and low nutrition reservoirs.The total length,body length,dorsal snout distance and caudal stalk length of A.nobilis in the medium nutrition reservoirs were significantly higher than those in the low nutrition reservoirs.The correlation coefficient R2 of the regression equation for body weight and morphological traits of A.nobilis in different nutrient reservoirs reached over 0.9,of which the total length and body height were the main influencing factors.A total of 33 kinds of volatile flavor substances were identified in the muscle of A.nobilis,and the low-nutrition reservoirs had the highest types and levels of volatile flavor substances.In general,the medium-nutrition reservoir is suitable for the growth of A.nobilis,while the low-nutrition reservoir is beneficial to the formation of flavor substances.