稳步发展职业本科教育的现实阻碍与破解进路

Practical Obstacles and Solutions to the Steady Development of Vocational Undergraduate Education

职业本科教育是政治、经济与教育发展交互作用的产物,是“职业教育的本科层次”和“本科教育的职业类型”的辩证统一,也是一个由政府、学校、行业协会、企业、学生等利益相关者通过一定结构形式联结而成的复杂系统。当前,我国职业本科教育已形成多元化的实践发展逻辑,但整体进展较为缓慢,存在着制度供给“滞后”、发展路径“迷失”、目标定位“模糊”、观念偏见“泛化”等现实阻碍,制约着职业本科教育的稳步发展。对此,亟需通过坚持“摸着石头过河”与顶层设计相结合,提高制度供给的时效性;构建部省联动的“两维递进式”推进机制,科学确立发展的主渠道;正确处理“变”和“不变”间的辩证关系,明确办学方向与培养定位;充分发挥职业本科教育的“领头雁”作用,增强职业教育的吸引力。

Vocational undergraduate education is the product of the interaction for politics,economy,and educational development.It is the dialectical unity of undergraduate level of vocational education and professional type of undergraduate education.It is also a complex system linked to the government,universities,industries,enterprises,students and other stakeholders through a certain structural form.At present,vocational undergraduate education in China has formed a diversified practical development logic,but the overall progress is relatively slow.There are realistic obstacles such as lag in system supply,lost in development path,ambiguity in goal positioning,and generalization of concept prejudice,which restrict the steady development of vocational undergraduate education.In this regard,it is urgent to take the following measures,improve the timeliness of system supply by adhering to the combination of"crossing the river by feeling the stone"and top-level design;build a"two-dimensional progressive"promotion mechanism linked by ministries and provinces,and scientifically establish the main channel of development;correctly handle the dialectical relationship between change and unchanged,and clarify the direction of running a school and the orientation of training;and give full play to the leading goose role of vocational undergraduate education and enhance the attraction of vocational education.