葡萄砧木杂种优株对南方根结线虫的抗性表现

Resistance of Grape Rootstock Hybrid Superior Plants to Root-Knot Nematodes(Meloidogyne Incognita)

根结线虫是世界上危害性最强的植物病原线虫之一,其中南方根结线虫在葡萄上危害最为严重。为了筛选抗南方根结线虫的葡萄砧木类型,采集危害严重的温室甜瓜根结,分离出根结线虫进行形态与分子生物学鉴定,在确定为南方根结线虫后,以中国野生山葡萄与美国野生葡萄(或砧木品种)杂交的6个葡萄砧木组合的36个杂种优株及对照砧木品种‘5BB’、栽培品种‘夏黑’的盆栽植株为材料,接种含有南方根结线虫的甜瓜根结,80 d后根据病情指数评价它们的抗性。结果表明,供试葡萄材料中表现免疫(I)的有14个株系,高抗(HR)的有2个株系,抗(R)的有5个株系,中抗的(MR)3个株系,易感的(S)4个株系,高感的(HS)8个株系。其中组合5BB×山葡萄黑龙江实生的后代中抗性更偏向于免疫或高抗,免疫的占86%,抗占的占14%。

Root-knot nematode is one of the most harmful plant pathogenic nematodes in the world,and the main nematodes harming grapes were root-knot nematodes(Meloidogyne incognita).In this study,to screen grape resistant rootstocks to root-knot nematode(Meloidogyne incognita),the greenhouse melon roots severely damaged by root-knot nematodes were collected,and the root-knot nematodes were isolated and identified by morphology and molecular biology.After being identified as root-knot nematode(Meloidogyne incognita),36 hybrid superior plants of six rootstock combinations,control rootstock variety'5BB'and cultivated cultivar'Summer Black'were inoculated with the root knots of melon containing root knot nematodes(Meloidogyne incognita),and their resistance was evaluated according to disease index after 80 days.The results showed that 14,2,5,3,4,and 8 strains were immune,high resistance,resistance,middle resistance,susceptibility,and high susceptibility,respectively.Among six hybrid combinations,the resistance of the progenies of'5BB'×V.amurensis'Heilongjiang seedling'combination was more inclined to immune or high resistance,and the immune accounted for 86%,the resistance accounted for 14%.