脐血中全氟及多氟烷基化合物暴露水平及其影响因素研究

Study on the influencing factors of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in cord blood

目的了解河南省某地新生儿脐血中全氟及多氟烷基(PFASs)的暴露水平及其影响因素。方法基于2013—2015年河南某地建立的出生队列,检测了336名新生儿脐血中11种PFASs水平,采用广义线性回归分析产妇社会人口特征、生活方式和膳食摄入对新生儿脐血PFASs水平的影响。结果产妇年龄大(GM比值在1.03~1.05)、家庭平均月收入高(GM比值在1.30~1.63)、孕期有吸烟史(GM比值2.90;95%CI:1.11,7.56)和被动吸烟(GM比值1.84;95%CI:1.02,3.32)可能增加脐血PFASs暴露水平;产妇孕期工作(GM比值0.82;95%CI:0.67,1.00)及经产妇(GM比值0.65;95%CI:0.51,0.82)脐带血中的PFASs浓度较低。产妇孕期摄入牛羊肉、南瓜、蒜苗和咸菜频率高与脐血PFASs升高有关(GM比值在1.33~1.80),而孕期摄入较多的橘子、牛奶、白菜和茄子等其脐血PFASs浓度较低(GM比值在0.68~0.82)。结论产妇年龄、家庭收入、产妇孕期有吸烟史和被动吸烟、产次、牛羊肉和植物源性食物摄入可能会影响新生儿PFASs暴露水平。

Objective To measure perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)in cord blood of newborns in Henan province and explore influencing factors of PFASs exposure.Methods The present study was based on the birth cohort established in Henan Province from 2013 to 2015.The levels of 11 PFASs in cord blood samples(n=336)were detected.Generalized linear regression was used to analyze the effects of maternal socio-demographic characteristics,life style and dietary intake on the level of PFASs in umbilical blood of newborns.Results The newborns of older mothers(GM ratio 1.03-1.05),higher average monthly family income(GM ratio 1.30-1.63),pregnancy smoking(GM ratio2.90,95%CI:1.11,7.56)and passive smoking(GM ratio 1.84,95%CI:1.02,3.32)tend to show higher PFAS exposure in cord blood.Newborns whose mothers worked during pregnancy(GM ratio 0.82,95%CI:0.67,1.00),and with multiparous mothers(GM ratio 0.65,95%CI:0.51,0.82)had lower concentrations of PFASs.Mothers who had higher intake frequency of beef or mutton,pumpkin,garlic seedlings and pickles during pregnancy tend to have increased concentrations of PFASs in cord blood(GM ratio was 1.33-1.80),while the concentration was lower during mothers who consumed more oranges,milk,cabbage and eggplant during pregnancy(GM ratio was 0.68-0.82).Conclusion Maternal age,family income,history of smoke and passively smoke during pregnancy,parity,frequency of beef or mutton,and plant-based foods intake may affect PFASs exposure of newborns.