基于区域功能视角的边界新区发展研究——对深圳前海合作区与珠海横琴合作区的比较

RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CROSS-BORDER DISTRICTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF REGIONAL FUNCTION:A COMPARISON BETWEEN QIANHAI AND HENGQIN COOPERATION ZONES

从珠三角到粤港澳大湾区,区域巨变总是由边界地区的制度创新撬动,边界空间的创新性开发诱发区域一体化的综合进程。本研究提出了“跨界政策空间”的概念,建立了区域跨界新区规划与发展的分析框架,并以前海合作区与横琴合作区为案例解析区域跨界一体化进程,认为:特殊政策空间的“植入”会引发全局性变化,有助于消解跨界合作矛盾;前海合作区建立在区域长期积累的基础上,其空间创制影响香港北部都会区的规划,使香港采取更积极的区域主义,主动应对自身区域功能弱化的危机,并通过新空间方案缓解长期积累的经济社会结构性矛盾,总体形成了区域对“全球-地方”治理危机的连锁性应对;在横琴合作区的规划建设中,国家力量的介入是其发展变化的核心动力,使地方空间转变为国家空间,得以实现资本、产业和人才的快速积累,逐步改变澳门的区域政治经济角色不匹配问题;新区域时代下以跨界新区的规划建设为起点,粤港澳大湾区将加快凝聚新的一体化发展共识,形成更大的发展合力。

From the Pearl River Delta era to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area era,dramatic regional changes have always been initiated by institutional innovations in border areas,and the innovative development of border areas has induced a comprehensive regional integration.This research puts forward the concept of “cross-border policy space”,and establishes an analytical framework for the planning and development of new regional cross-border districts to analyze the Qianhai and the Hengqin cooperation zones,in order to reveal the role of new cross-border districts in promoting regional integration.This paper argues that the “implantation” of special policy space in the region will trigger overall changes and help resolve cross-border cooperation conflicts.In the case of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,the Qianhai Cooperation Zone is built on the basis of long-term regional accumulation,which has affected the planning of the Northern Metropolis of Hong Kong,making Hong Kong adopt more active regionalism and actively respond to regional functions.The new regional development strategy will also help solve Hong Kong’s inherent socio-economic structural problems,which is a chain reaction to the “global-local” governance crisis triggered by new cross-border districts.In the planning and construction of the Hengqin Cooperation Zone,the government intervention is the core driving force for its development,transforming local space into national space,enabling rapid accumulation of capital,industry and talent,and gradually changing the regional political and economic role of Macao.In the future,with the planning and construction of new cross-border districts as a new starting point,the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will accelerate the formation of a new consensus on the integrated development and form a greater joint development force.