中国高技术产业价值链升级阻滞的条件组态研究——基于19个细分行业的质性比较分析

The Conditional Configuration of Stagnation in the Value Chain Upgrading of China's High-Tech Industry:A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on 19 Sub-Industries

在以国际生产分割为特征的全球价值链分工格局下,中国高技术产业发展过程中的价值链低端锁定趋势不断凸显,由此引致的产业升级阻滞问题日益复杂化。为准确识别多重阻滞因素及其内在影响机理,运用组态思维和QCA方法,从创新投入、制度环境和国际知识溢出3个条件维度出发,对中国19个高技术行业进行差别化升级组态分析,探索不同前因条件与产业升级的一致性联系,并提出相应政策建议,以期为破解新时期中国高技术产业“升级之困”提供理论借鉴和决策参考。

In the historical intersection period of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial reform,high-tech industry has become an important focus of competition among big countries.From the perspective of the development trend of global high-tech industry,the competition among major countries around the dominance of the value chain is becoming increasingly fierce,the control of industrial core technology and professional services in developed countries continue to be reinforced,and the problem of low-end locking of the value chain in developing countries has gradually become prominent.Consequently the problem of industrial upgrading obstruction caused by this has become increasingly complicated.In order to accurately identify multiple factors and their internal influence mechanisms,the paper analyzes the differential upgrade configuration of 19 high-tech industries in China from the three dimensions of innovation input,institutional environment,and international knowledge spillover through configuration thinking and QCA method.Using the classification standard of the National Bureau of Statistics,this study divides the high-tech industry(manufacturing industry)into five categories:pharmaceutical manufacturing,electronic and communication equipment manufacturing,computer and office equipment manufacturing,medical instrument and instrument manufacturing and information chemical manufacturing,and takes 19 sub industries as sample cases to explore the complex causes of the upgrading of high-tech industry.The 19 cases covered in this study belong to medium samples,and their sample size is matched with QCA method.The relevant data comes from the 2019 statistical yearbook of China's High Tech Industry.The research explores the consistent connection between different antecedents and industrial upgrading,and proposes corresponding policy recommendations,with a view to providing theoretical and decision-making references for solving the upgrading difficulties of China's high-tech industries in the new era.The theoretical contributions of this research are as follows.(1)Based on the differentiated development characteristics of subdivided industries,the research classifies and discusses the status of barriers to value chain upgrades.It not only broadens the observation dimension of China's high-tech industry upgrading scenarios,but also overcomes the ambiguity of existing research on the interpretation of upgrade barriers.(2)The research uses qualitative comparison methods to examine how multidimensional factors affect the value chain upgrading status of high-tech industries.It is conducive to deepening the cognition and understanding of the complex causal mechanism behind the blocking situation.At the same time,it also fills the gap in the existing literature,and provides reference for follow-up research on blocking factors.(3)The research results about typical blocking paths and conditions are conducive to understanding the entry point of policy design,and they provide theoretical support for the formulation of more goal-oriented high-tech industry upgrading policies.It is suggested that future research can be conducted from three aspects.Firstly,in the design of antecedent variables,based on the availability of data,this paper only considers the explicit factors such as innovation investment,institutional environment and international knowledge spillover,and it is insufficient to explore the situational factors of the internalization of China's high-tech industry.The follow-up research can strengthen the industry investigation and bring the implicit state indicators such as industrial ecology and organizational ability into the analysis framework.Secondly,this study focuses on identifying the upgrading blocking path of industry differentiation,but it does not clearly describe and explain the interaction mechanism and dynamic evolution process of various factors,and these are waiting for further study.Finally,in view of the uniqueness and complexity of the upgrading activities of high-tech industrial value chain in late developing countries,cross-border comparative analysis needs to be carried out from a broader global perspective in the future.