逆向转运排肥式烟草施肥起垄机的设计与应用

Design and Assessment of a Tobacco Fertilizing and Ridging Machine with Reverse Transfer Fertilizer Discharge

为促进施肥与起垄机械化水平,解决传统施肥装置施肥效果不佳等问题,设计了一种逆向转运排肥式烟草施肥起垄机,提出了一种具有逆向转运、排肥量控制、无障碍排肥功能的施肥装置。介绍了逆向转运排肥式烟草施肥起垄机的整机结构及逆向转运排肥、排肥驱动、联动搅拌等机构设计原理,确定了主要结构参数。田间试验结果表明,施肥量、垄高、垄基宽、墒面宽的最小准确率分别为96.83%、97.86%、99.63%、96.33%,变异系数分别为2.47%、1.31%、0.19%、0.93%,各项作业指标达到了较高的精确度和稳定性,满足农艺要求。设计的逆向转运排肥式烟草施肥起垄机,有效解决了在排肥路径中易堵塞、排肥不顺畅、非排肥状态下漏洒的问题,实现了施肥起垄机械化和一体化,进而提升作业质量和工作效率,具有较好的生产应用前景。

In order to promote the mechanization level of fertilization and ridging,and to solve the problem of poor fertilization effect in traditional fertilizer device,a tobacco fertilizing and ridging machine with reverse transfer fertilizer discharge is designed,and a fertilizer device with the functions of reverse transfer,fertilizer discharge control and barrier free fertilizer discharge is proposed.The whole structure of the tobacco fertilizing and ridging machine with reverse transfer fertilizer discharge and the design principles of reverse fertilizer discharging mechanism,fertilizer discharge driving mechanism and mixing linkage mechanism are introduced.The main structural parameters are determined.The results of fertilization and ridging test showed that the minimum accuracy of fertilization amount,ridge height,ridge base width and moisture surface width was 96.83%,97.86%,99.63%and 96.33%,respectively,and the variation coefficient was 2.47%,1.31%,0.19%and 0.93%,respectively.All operation indexes showed high accuracy and stability,and met the agronomic requirements.The designed tobacco fertilizing and ridging machine with reverse transfer fertilizer discharge effectively solves the problems of easy blockage,unsmooth fertilizer discharge and leakage in the fertilizer discharge path,and realizes the mechanization and integration of fertilization and ridging,thus improves the operation quality and efficiency.It has a good production and application prospect.