液氧储存定量风险评估实例及风险降低措施

Case Study of Liquid Oxygen Storage Qualitative Risk Analysis and Risk Reduction Measures

在工业气体行业,液氧泄漏曾造成一些重大安全事故,其主要危害是液氧泄漏后大量蒸发,增加了因富氧气氛火灾和爆炸造成的人员伤亡的可能性。对现有设施和新项目进行定量风险评估(QRA)可以评估是否超过国家、企业的风险限值,并制订针对主要风险来源的有效的风险降低措施。研究了包括选择泄漏场景,针对不同类型人群的影响模型,影响扩散的敏感参数的数据选择,以及确定一般或特定故障原因的场景频率。

In the industrial gas industry,the leakage of liquid oxygen has caused some major safety accidents.The main hazard is a large amount of evaporation after the leakage,which can form an oxygen-rich atmosphere,greatly increases the possibility of casualties caused by fire and explosion.Quantitative risk assessment(QRA)of existing facilities and new projects can assess whether national and corporate risk limits are exceeded and develop effective risk reduction measures.Case studies in this paper include selection of leakage scenarios;impact models for different types of populations;data selection of sensitive parameters affecting diffusion,and the frequency of scenarios.