基于生产和财富视角的中国基础设施资本测度研究

Research on the Measurement of China’s Infrastructure Capital from the Perspective of Production and Wealth

基础设施不仅为社会经济生产提供所需的资本服务量,也是能够产生经济收益的财富来源,这是其在社会经济运行中发挥的两种功能。与现有文献仅测算反映资本财富的资本存量不同,本文在同一框架内还测算了刻画基础设施生产性功能的资本服务量。本文将基础设施分为经济基础设施和社会基础设施两种,分别模拟了这两种设施的役龄效率函数、役龄价格函数和役龄折旧率函数,计算了我国1978-2020年基础设施的资本存量净额和资本服务量,并编制了基础设施的资本账户,刻画了基础设施“投资-积累服务”的资本运动全过程。实证结果表明,资本存量净额能较好地反映我国基础设施财富状况,基础设施资本服务是促进经济发展的重要力量。

The provision of economic benefits and capital services are two basic functions for infrastructure capital to play a role in the social and economic system,which are measured by the net capital stock in the existing literature.Therefore,this paper also measures capital services that describe the productive function of infrastructure within the same framework.This paper divides infrastructure into economic infrastructure and social infrastructure,simulates their service age-efficiency function,service age-price function and service age-depreciation rate function respectively,calculates the net capital stock and capital services of infrastructure in China from 1978 to 2020,compiles the capital account of infrastructure,and describes the whole process of capital movement of infrastructure(investment-accumulation-service).The empirical results show that the net capital stock can better reflect the wealth of China's infrastructure,and infrastructure capital services are an important force to promote economic development.