基于物性结构的英语转喻式名名复合词研究

A Study on Metonymical N+N Compounds Based on Qualia Structure Theory

生成词库理论认为词语在组合过程中语义的浮现,通过物性结构对词汇的描写得以实现。理想化认知模型中,概念转喻是系统性的而非随机过程,通过凸显认知参照点激活目标。基于名词物性结构对名词细颗粒度的描写,对英语中的转喻式名名复合词的呈现方式进行了分析研究。研究发现,转喻作用于名名复合词的形式多样,分前项名词转喻、后项名词转喻、前后项名词皆转喻、复合词转喻、前后项名词语义关系转喻与隐喻、转喻共同作用。基于此,进一步考察了名名复合词在转喻过程中突显的物性角色,发现转喻式名名复合词中最凸显的物性角色是形式角色,构成角色次之,最少涉及施成角色,符合一般认知规律。

Generative lexicon theory holds that the emergence of words meaning in the process of combi-nation can be realized through the description of words by qualia structure.In idealized cognitive models,conceptual metonymy is a systematic rather than random process that activates targets by highlighting cog-nitive reference points.Based on detailed description of nouns in qualia structure,this paper analyzes and studies the presentation of metonymical N+N compounds in English.It is found that metonymy acts on N+N compounds in various ways,metonymical N1,metonymical N2,metonymical N1 and metonymical N2,metonymical compound,metonymical relation between N1 and N2.We further investigate the qualia roles involved in the process of metonymy,and find that the most frequently involved qualia role in metonymy is formal role,followed by constitutive role,and the least involved is agentive role,which conforms to the general cognitive principles.