云南景洪娜咪囡遗址植硅体分析

Phytolith analysis of Naminan archaeological site in Jinghong City,Yunnan Province

在末次冰期到全新世的过渡时期,全球气候发生了巨大的变化。几乎与此同时,人类社会也从旧石器时代向新石器时代过渡。因此,这一时期气候变化与人类活动的关系是考古学研究的热点。云南省是我国旧石器时代考古遗址最为丰富的地区,但这里的新石器时代遗址数量相对较少,对云南省旧石器-新石器时代过渡期的旧气候研究也很少。植硅体是一种可长期保存的植物微体化石,是研究考古遗址古气候的重要手段。本研究以旧石器时代向新石器时代过渡时期的娜咪囡遗址为研究对象,利用植硅体重建了各考古地层的气候,并探讨可能的古人类活动。结果表明,娜咪囡遗址经历了一个升温、冷却再变暖的过程,这与云南其他地区的古气候研究是一致的。

The global climate underwent tremendous changes during the transition from the Last Glacial Period to the Holocene.At almost the same time,human society transitioned from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic.Therefore,the relationship between climate change and human activity during this period has become a research hotspot.Yunnan Province is a region with a great abundance of Paleolithic archaeological sites in China;however,Neolithic sites are relatively few.There has also been relatively little research on paleoclimatic conditions during the Paleolithic-Neolithic transition in Yunnan.Phytoliths,as a highly durable and long-lasting form of plant microfossils,can be an important means for reconstructing paleoclimates.In this study,we examined the Naminan site in Jinghong,which was occupied during the transitional period from the Paleolithic to Neolithic.Based on our analysis of the phytolith record at Naminan,we reconstructed the climatic conditions for each of the archaeological strata and discussed possible human activities.The results show that Naminan experienced a sequence of warming followed by cooling and warming,which is consistent with previous paleoclimate research in other areas of Yunnan Province.