基于风险的油气钻井作业变更管理研究

Research on Risk-Based Oil and Gas Drilling Operation Change Management

油气钻井是一项投入高、风险大、技术含量高、劳动密集的系统工程,具有分布地域广、区块多、地质条件复杂的行业特点。随着油气勘探开发的深入、业务转型升级和专业化重组,钻井作业可能会出现因生产工艺技术、设备设施、组织管理等方面的变化造成健康、安全和环境方面的潜在危险。在通过蝴蝶结分析法系统分析油气钻井作业风险的基础上,结合实际提出了钻井作业的变更类型和管理流程,阐述变更等级的确定过程,实现变更过程全流程的管理。变更实例表明,钻井设计变更等关键环节变化的风险可以得到很好的控制,这在一定程度上为油气井的安全钻进提供技术支撑和理论依据。

Oil and gas drilling is a system engineering with high investment,high risk,high technical content and intensive labor.It has the characteristics of wide distribution,many blocks and complex geological conditions.With the deepening of oil and gas exploration and development,the transformation and upgrading of business and professional reorganization,there may be potential health,safety and environmental hazards caused by changes in production technology,equipment and facilities,organization and management during drilling operation.Based on the systematic analysis of the risks of oil and gas drilling operation through the bow analysis method,com⁃bined with the reality,this paper puts forward the change type and management process of drilling operation,expounds the determina⁃tion process of change grade,and realizes the whole process management of drilling change.The change example shows that the risk of key links such as drilling design change can be well controlled,which provides technical support and theoretical basis for safe drilling of oil and gas wells to a certain extent.