35 K深低温制冷与热传输集成系统研究

Research on 35 K Cryogenic Refrigeration and Heat Transfer Integrated System

深低温系统在天文观测和深空探测等空间应用中具有重要作用。降低制冷温度有利于提高探测系统的测量精度,获得较高的信噪比。设计研制一种基于脉冲管制冷机(PTC)和深冷环路热管(CLHP)的集成系统,连接部分采用一体式耦合设计,消除了系统安装界面,减小了界面热阻。采用两台35 K脉冲管制冷机,分别作为两套35 K氖工质深冷环路热管的热沉,热管蒸发器可以为同一个探测器耦合,实现系统的备份冗余设计。为了减小周围环境的寄生漏热,设计了低温铜质冷屏,冷屏热沉采用80 K脉冲管制冷机。集成系统的环路热管可以实现约2 W的热量传输,最大传输距离510 mm,为我国未来深空探测技术提供了技术支持。

Cryogenic systems play an important role in space applications such as astronomical devices and deep space exploration.Lowering the refrigeration temperature can improve the measurement accuracy of the detection system,thereby obtaining a higher signal-to-noise ratio.An integrated system based on pulse tube cooler and cryogenic loop heat pipe is designed and manufactured.The integrated connection design is adopted and the installation interface is omitted.Two 35 K pulse tube coolers are used as heat sinks for two sets of 35 K neon cryogenic loop heat pipes.The heat pipe evaporators can be coupled to the same detector to realize the backup redundancy design of the system.A low-temperature heat-insulating cold shield is designed to reduce the parasitic heat leakage in the surrounding environment,and the 80 K pulse tube refrigerator is used as the cold shield heat sink.The loop heat pipe of the integrated system can realize the heat transmission of about 2 W,with a maximum transmission distance of 510 mm,which provides technical support for future deep space exploration technology.