PICC相关性静脉血栓风险预测模型的研究进展

Research progress on risk prediction model of PICC-related venous thrombosis

经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)引发的导管相关性静脉血栓(PICC-RVT)是置管患者最严重的并发症之一。肿瘤患者PICC-RVT发病率高,是导致非计划性拔管的首要原因,不仅增加了住院费用、还延长了住院时间。PICC-RVT可防难治,转变既往"重治疗、轻预防"的临床思维,开发针对肿瘤患者的PICC-RVT风险预测模型,可提前评估患者的血栓发病风险,有助于PICC-RVT的分层防治,降低PICC-RVT发病率并改善其不良结局。本文就国内外已发表的PICC-RVT风险预测模型展开综述,为临床医护人员基于各专科病种特点选择合适的血栓风险预测工具提供参考。

Peripherally inserted central catheter-related venous thrombosis(PICC-RVT)is one of the most serious complications in catheterized patients.The high incidence of PICC-RVT in cancer patients is the leading cause of unplanned extubation,which not only increases hospital costs,but also prolongs hospital stay.PICC-RVT is preventable but difficult to treat.Changing the previous clinical thinking of"heavy treatment and light prevention",and developing a PICC-RVT risk prediction model for cancer patients can assess the risk of thrombosis in patients in advance,and is helpful for the stratified prevention and treatment of PICC-RVT,and can reduce the incidence of PICC-RVT and improve its adverse outcomes.This article reviews the published PICC-RVT risk prediction models at home and abroad,so as to provide a reference for clinical medical and nursing staff to select appropriate thrombosis risk prediction tools based on the characteristics of various specialty disease.