通科临床培训在专科ICU护士护理核心能力培养中的应用

Application of general clinical training on nursing core competence of ICU nurses

目的探讨通科临床培训对各专科ICU护士核心能力、ICU知识和技能的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2020年2—3月北京朝阳医院在各专科ICU工作的32名护士进行ICU通科临床培训,分别于培训前及培训后1个月应用ICU护士专业核心能力调查表评估ICU护士的核心能力(掌握和应用ICU设置和管理能力、掌握和应用危重患者护理能力、掌握和应用专科技术能力、教育和培训能力),应用自制理论知识试卷和操作考核标准进行ICU理论知识和操作技能考核。采用配对t检验和配对χ^(2)检验进行统计分析。结果32名ICU护士经过通科临床培训后,核心能力评价中在16个条目中得分为良好的护士占比高于培训前(χ^(2)值为4.571~6.583),核心能力4个维度评分中,掌握和应用ICU设置与管理的能力得分高于培训前(t=-2.442),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。培训后,护士理论考试得分(t=-9.500)及操作考核得分(t=-2.590)均提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通科临床培训可以提高各专科ICU护士掌握和应用ICU设置与管理能力及ICU护士全科重症知识和技能,为今后突发公共卫生事件储备全科ICU护理团队做准备提供一定依据。

Objective To explore the effect of general clinical training on core competence,ICU knowledge and skills of ICU nurses.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 32 nurses from various specialties who worked in ICU of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from February to March 2020 were selected for ICU general clinical practice training.The core competencies of ICU nurses were evaluated by the ICU nurse professional core competencies questionnaire before and 1 month after the training,including the ability to master and apply ICU setting and management,the ability to master and apply critically ill patient care,the ability to master and apply specialized technical skills,and the ability to educate and train.ICU theoretical knowledge and operation skills were assessed by using self-made theoretical knowledge examination papers and operation assessment standards.Paired t test and pairedχ^(2) test were used for statistical analysis.Results After the general clinical training,the proportion of 32 nurses who scored good in 16 items in the evaluation of core competence was higher than before(χ^(2)=4.571-6.583).Among the four dimensions of core competence,the score of master and apply ICU setting and management was higher than that before training(t=-2.442).The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After training,theoretical knowledge score of nurses(t=-9.500)and operational skills score(t=-2.590)were improved,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The general clinical training can improve ICU nurses'ability to master and apply ICU setting and management and their knowledge and skills of general intensive care,so as to provide a certain basis for the reserve of general ICU nursing team for future public health emergencies.