国家取向代表观:基于人大代表联系群众工作的理论建构

The Nation-Oriented View of Representative:A Theoretical Construction Based on the Practice of Deputies to People’s Congresses to Maintain Contact with the Public

由于代表的现象和活动遍及现代政治生活各个领域,现代政治也被视为代表政治。国家治理体系和治理能力现代化提升的历史进程对国家整合能力也提出了新的、更高的要求,这使基于国家取向代表观的代表政治的重要性日益凸显。为系统探讨和回答“什么是国家取向代表观,中国是如何践行的”这一学理问题,可基于代表政治理论视角,以党和国家相关法律法规和地方人大工作实践为依托,进一步对人大代表联系群众制度所涵盖的框架内容进行理论建构。这不仅包括如何推进党的政策落实和法治政府建设,而且还包括为人大及其常委会工作提供支持以及对“一府一委两院”工作进行监督等五个方面的内容。在此基础上,通过分析一些地方人大代表联系群众工作中的创新经验,以及调研发现的规范不统一和政策执行片面化等问题,就如何实现由传统代表观向国家取向代表观的转型及其制度化完善提出建议。

Since the phenomena and activities of a representative pervade all fields of modern political life,modern politics is also regarded as representative politics.The historical process of the improvement of the mod⁃ernization of national governance system and governance capacity has also put forward new and higher require⁃ments for national integration capacity,which makes the importance of representative politics based on the na⁃tion-oriented view of representative increasingly prominent.To systematically explore and answer the academic question“What is the nation-oriented view of representative and how does China practice it?”,this article fur⁃ther constructs the framework covered by deputies to people’s congresses to maintain contact with the public theoretically from the perspective of the theory of representative system and on the basis of relevant laws and regulations of the Party and the country and the working practice of local people’s congresses.This includes not only how to promote the implementation of the Party’s policies and the building of a law-based government,but also how to provide support for the work of people’s congresses and their standing Committees and supervise the work of the State Council,the National Committee,the Supreme People’s Court,and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate.On this basis,through the analysis of many problems in the disunity of norms and the one-sided⁃ness of policy implementation existing in the implementation of the system of local deputies to people’s congress⁃es to maintain contact with the public,suggestions on how to realize the transformation from the traditional view of representative to the nation-oriented view of representative and the perfection of this system are put forward⁃ed.