依法带娃:家庭教育的立法规制及实施路径--以《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》实施为背景

How to Raise Children Legally?:The Legislative Regulation of Family Education and the Way to Implement Family Education-After the Enforcement of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Family Education Promotion

《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》经十三届全国人大常委会正式表决通过,立法明晰了父母在家庭教育中的首要责任,提出了社会协同促进的理想机制。2022年4月,《关于指导推进家庭教育的五年规划(2021—2025年)》进一步强调了法治化对破解当前家庭教育困境的重要意义。鉴于此,通过分析法律、规划颁布实施后面临的问题,重点从家庭教育责任界定、家庭教育支持服务多元化、家庭教育立法完善的角度提出家庭教育法治化的实施路径,力求构建合理健全的家庭教育配套保障机制,实现家长有能力、有意愿参与孩子教育,树立良好的社会家庭风气。此外,建议在后续立法中细化惩处规定,以有效规制家庭教育缺位的现象,主张家庭教育资源分配要依据不同家庭的特质进行,充分实现为未成年人健康发展保驾护航的目标。

The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Family Education Promotion was officially approved by the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress.The law clarifies the primary responsibility of parents in family education,puts forward an ideal mechanism for social coordination and promotion.In April 2022,The Five-year Plan on The Guidance and Promotion of Family Education(2021-2025)further empha⁃s izes the importance of family education in cultivating virtue.On the basis of the legislative purpose,this article puts forward the way to implement the legalization of family education from the perspectives of the definition of family education responsibilities,the diversification of family education support services,and the perfection of the legislation of family education,in order to strive to build a reasonable and sound supporting guarantee mech⁃a nism for family education,to realize that parents have the ability and are willing to participate in children’s ed⁃u cation,and to establish a good common practice for the society and families.In addition,it is suggested that the punishment regulations should be refined in the follow-up legislation in order to effectively regulate the ab⁃s ence of family education and that the distribution of family education resources should be carried out according to the characteristics of different families in order to fully realize the goal of protecting the healthy development of minors.