车尔尼雪夫斯基文论在当代中国的历史回望与文化思考

Historical Review and Cultural Thinking of Chernyshevsky’s Literary Theory in Contemporary China

1949年至今,中国当代文论已走过70余年的历程。70年来,国外文论对中国当代文论的建构与发展所产生的影响从未中断。其中,俄罗斯文论对我国影响较大,甚至一度成为中国当代文论建设的范本与参照系。车尔尼雪夫斯基作为俄罗斯最伟大的文学批评家之一,不仅对俄罗斯文论的发展有着突出贡献,而且在中国当代文论的发展中也占有一席之地。然而,随着中国当代文论的发展与转向,车尔尼雪夫斯基文论与中国当代文论之间的关系也发生着微妙的变化。但就其本质而言,车尔尼雪夫斯基的文论思想对中国当代文学理论品格的形成都有着重大的理论意义与现实意义,引发了我们的诸多思考。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,contemporary Chinese literary theory has been developed more than 70 years.For the past 70 years,the influence of foreign literary theory on the construction and development of contemporary Chinese literary theory has never been interrupted.Among them,the influence of Russian literary theory is especially significant,at one point it even became a model and a frame of reference for the construction of contemporary Chinese literary theory.As one of the greatest Russia’s literary critics,Chernyshevsky not only made outstanding contributions to the development of Russian literary theory,but also occupied a place in the development of contemporary Chinese literary theory.However,with the development and turn of contemporary Chinese literary theory,there are subtle changes in the relationship between Chernyshevsky’s literary theory and contemporary Chinese literary theory.But in its essence,Chernyshevsky’s literary theory has great theoretical and realistic significance in the formation of the quality and style of contemporary Chinese literary theory and triggers a lot of thinking.