我国部分地区献血者年龄构成特征研究

Study on the age composition of blood donors in some areas of China

目的了解我国部分地区献血者年龄构成特征,探讨献血者招募和保留策略,致力于壮大献血者队伍,增强临床血液供应能力。方法通过中国大陆采供血机构执业比对工作平台,收集22家血液中心献血者平均年龄及构成相关数据,剔除无效数据后进行统计分析。结果调查年度内献血者平均年龄中位数为30.02岁,2.89%的单位平均年龄<25岁,仅2018年不同性别献血者平均年龄差异P<0.05。在初次献血者招募中,<25岁献血者构成比中位数为54.53%,≥25献血者构成比中位数为44.28%。<25岁和≥25岁的初次献血保留率中位数分别为10.30%和9.61%;献血者全面参与率中位数为2.7%,<25岁献血者参加献血率中位数为5.1%。结论做好献血者招募保留工作是增强临床血液供应能力最直接有效的方法。<25岁献血者具有更长的献血周期,应该成为献血招募的主要对象。同时,修改献血年龄上限标准是壮大献血者队伍的另1个重要举措。

Objective To explore the recruitment and retention strategy of blood donors by investigating the age composition of blood donors in some areas of China,so as to promote blood donation and enhance clinical blood supply.Methods Through the working platform of Practice Comparison Working Group of China’s Mainland Blood Collection and Supply Institutions,the average age and age composition of blood donors from 22 blood centers were collected,and statistical analysis was conducted after eliminating invalid data.Results The median average age of blood donors during the survey year was 30.02.The median age in 2.89%of the blood centers was lower than 25.The average age of different genders was statistically significant only in 2018(P<0.05).Fot first-time blood donors,the median constituent ratio of donors<25 and≥25 years old was 54.53%and 44.28%,with median retention rate at 10.30%and 9.61%,respectively.The median overall participation rate of blood donors was 2.7%,with median participation rate of blood donors<25 years old at 5.1%.Conclusion The recruitment and retention of blood donor is crucial to enhance clinical blood supply.Blood donors<25 years old,with a longer period for future donation,should be the main target of blood donation recruitment.Meanwhile,the revision of upper age limit for blood donation is another important initiative to grow the blood donor pool.