基于三维扫描的飞行员头盔显示系统设计眼位研究

Designed eye position of pilot′s helmet mounted display based on 3D scanning

目的研究飞行员眼位分布和人体头面部测量项目,为飞行员头盔显示系统设计提供精确的眼位数据。方法采用非接触式三维扫描方法,对372名男性歼击机飞行员进行头面部扫描,获取人体头面部三维点云模型。在此基础上,对三维点云模型进行去噪、修补等处理,建立头面部同质网格模型和统一的人体头部解剖学坐标系。按照单目显示和双目显示定义设计眼位。以人体头面部三维模型计算左、右眼位(瞳孔中心点)坐标和12项人体测量数据。结果建立了372名歼击机飞行员头面部三维扫描数据库,获得了左、右眼位坐标及瞳孔间距、眼顶高等12项人体测量数据。结论基于三维扫描技术,以人体头部解剖学坐标系为定位基准构建飞行员眼位分布空间(设计眼位和眼盒)和获取相关人体头面部测量数据,为飞行员头盔显示系统的设计提供基础数据。

Objective To provide accurate eye position data for the system design of helmet mounted display by studying the eye position distribution and anthropometric items of pilots'head and face.Methods The head and face data of 372 Chinese male fighter pilots were captured by a non-contact 3D scanning system to build cloud models.By noise cutting and mending processing each head and face model was built with same template mesh and unified anatomical coordinate system.The eye position design was defined according to monocular or binocular display.The positions(core of pupils)of left and right eyes and 12 anthropometric items were calculated from the 3D models.Results The database of 372 fighter pilots′head and face 3D models was established and it included 12 anthropometric items such as the coordinates of left and right eyes position,inter pupillary distance and vertex-pupil height.Conclusions Based on 3D scanning technology,the distribution of eye locations(designed eye position and eye box)of pilots were built under the human head anatomical coordinate system and related anthropometric items of head and face are obtained,which could be used as the data foundation for designing pilot′s helmet mounted display system.