保存剂HB对胶清及胶清橡胶性能的影响

Effect of preservative HB on properties of skim latex and skim rubber

当前,浓缩天然胶乳在生产上普遍采用氨+二硫化四甲基秋兰姆-氧化锌(TT-ZnO)的保存体系,但氨存在严重的污染问题。采用丙二醇衍生物(HB)与碳酸钠复合保存鲜胶乳制备浓缩胶乳,研究了胶清以及胶清橡胶性能。结果表明,HB复合保存鲜胶乳离心出的胶清碱度值非常低,凝固用甲酸量由氨保存胶清的12.5 g/kg降低至2.4 g/kg,大大降低了胶清凝固用酸量;HB复合保存制备的胶清橡胶物理力学性能良好,拉伸强度达到29.02 MPa,撕裂强度达到40.53 kN/m,优于氨保存胶清橡胶样品性能。因此,采用HB复合保存鲜胶乳用于生产浓缩胶乳能大大降低胶清凝固用酸量,在缓解氨污染问题的同时提升胶清橡胶综合性能。

At present,ammonia+tetramethylthiuram/zinc oxide(TT/ZnO)preservation system is widely used in the production of concentrated natural rubber latex,but ammonia has serious pollution problems.A propanediol derivative(HB)and sodium carbonate compound preserved field latex were used to prepare ammonia-free concentrated latex,and the properties of latex serum and skim rubber were studied.The results showed that the skim centrifugal from fresh latex preserved by HB has a low alkalinity compared with ammonia preservation.The amount of formic acid used in solidification decreases from 12.5 g/kg to 2.4 g/kg,which reduced the amount of acid for the coagulation of skim greatly.The physical and mechanical properties of skim rubber prepared by HB composite preservation are exceedingly good,the tensile strength reaching 29.02 MPa,and the tear strength reaching 40.53 kN/m,which is better than that of skim rubber samples preserved by ammonia.Therefore,the use of HB compound preserved fresh latex in the production of concentrated latex can greatly reduce the acid amount for coagulation of skim,improve the comprehensive performance of skim rubber and ease the problem of ammonia pollution.