大跨度外保温型塑料大棚内番茄栽培温度适宜度评价和游程分析

Temperature Suitability Evaluation and Run Analysis of Tomato Cultivation in Wide-span Plastic Greenhouse with External Thermal Insulation

为科学利用大跨度外保温型塑料大棚(WSTP)进行番茄生产栽培,针对性地进行环境调控,利用已获得的棚内小气候数据,通过温度适宜度模型,分别对该大棚内3个茬口的番茄栽培温度适宜度进行评价,并对其中的不适宜时段进行游程分析,筛选环境限制因子并制定适宜生产栽培计划,提出相应的环境调控措施。结果表明,在河南地区WSTP大棚内3个栽培茬口中,早春茬适宜度最高,累计适宜度(白天气温+夜间气温+白天地温+夜间地温)为3.50,越冬茬次之,秋冬茬最低,但后两者累计适宜度差异不大。棚内主要的不适宜时期集中在8月31日至9月9日和12月5日至次年2月23日。棚内夜间气温是首要的不利环境因子,适宜度低,游程烈度大,游程历时长,其后依次是白天气温、白天地温和夜间地温。WSTP大棚内种植番茄采用一年两茬安排生产计划更有利于栽培生产。

In order to make scientifically use of the wide-span plastic greenhouse with external thermal insulation(hereinafter referred to as WSTP)for production of tomato and carry out targeted environmental regulation,this study evaluated the tomato cultivation temperature suitability of three stubbles in the greenhouse by using the temperature suitability model based on the observed temperature data.The run analysis was carried out for the unsuitable period.The environmental limiting factors and suitable cultivation plan were screened,and the corresponding environmental control measures were put forward.The results showed that among the three stubbles in WSTP greenhouse in Henan Province,the suitability of winter-spring stubble was the highest,and the cumulative suitability(day air temperature+night air temperature+day ground temperature+night ground temperature)was 3.50.Over-winter stubble followed it,autumn-winter stubble had the lowest suitability,but there was little difference in cumulative suitability between them.The unsuitable periods in the shed were from August 31 to September 9 and from December 5 to February 23 of the following year.The most unfavorable environmental factor in the shed was night air temperature,which had the lowest suitability,the highest run intensity and the longest run time,followed by day air temperature,day ground temperature and night ground temperature.For tomato planting,the production plan in WSTP greenhouse should be arranged twice a year,which was more conducive.