草地补播对甘南“黑土滩”型退化草甸生产特征的影响

Effects of Grassland Supplementary Sowing on the Production Characteristics of“Bare Land”Degraded Meadow in Gannan

为研究草地补播对“黑土滩”型退化草甸生产特征的影响,利用对比试验法,研究不补播(为对照组,CK)和补播乡土草种(CZ组:垂穗披碱草+中华羊茅+冷地早熟禾;CY组:垂穗披碱草+燕麦+中华羊茅+冷地早熟禾)对“黑土滩”型高寒退化草地植被盖度和生物量的影响。结果表明,补播乡土草种可显著提高草地植被盖度、草群高度和地上生物量,且毒杂草生长繁殖受到明显抑制。通过对补播后退化草地的植被盖度、草群高度以及各经济类群进行评价,垂穗披碱草+燕麦+中华羊茅+冷地早熟禾组合补播治理“黑土滩”型退化草地效果最佳。补播当年,CY组的总生物量较对照组高479.6%,杂草科生物量较对照组低52.3%;补播第2年,总生物量较对照组高626.8%,杂草科生物量较对照组低70.17%。因此,补播乡土草种组合“垂穗披碱草+燕麦+中华羊茅+冷地早熟禾”可作为“黑土滩”型退化草地修复治理措施推广应用。

In order to clarify the effects of grassland supplementary sowing on the production characteristics of“Bare land”degraded meadow,vegetation coverage and biomass of alpine degraded grassland were analyzed using contrast research that no grass seeds were sown in the control group,Elymus nutans+Festuca sinensis+Poa crymophila Keng were sown in group CZ,and Elymus nutans+Avena sativa L.+Festuca sinensis+Poa crymophila Keng were sown in group CY.The results showed that supplementary sowing of native grass species significantly increased grassland vegetation coverage,grass group height and aboveground biomass,and the growth and reproduction of toxic weeds were significantly inhibited.Through the evaluation of vegetation coverage,grass height and economic groups of degraded grassland after supplementary sowing,the effect of supplementary sowing of Elymus nutans+Avena sativa L.+Festuca sinensis+Poa crymophila Keng on“Bare land”degraded meadow was the best.In the year of supplementary sowing,the total biomass of CY group was 479.6%higher than that of the control group,and the biomass of weedy family in group CY was 52.3%lower than that of the control group.In the second year of supplementary sowing,the total biomass was 626.8%higher than that of the control group,and the biomass of weedy family in group CY was 70.17%lower than that of the control group.Therefore,the combination of supplementary sowing of native grass species Elymus nutans+Avena sativa L.+Festuca arundinacea+Poa crymophila Keng can be popularized and applied as the restoration and control measures of“Bare land”degraded meadow.