好氧颗粒污泥长期稳定运行研究进展

Research progress on long-term stable operation of aerobic granular sludge

好氧颗粒污泥因具有结构密实、沉降性好、耐冲击负荷的优点,在废水处理领域有着广阔的应用前景,然而颗粒成型时间长、长期运行易失稳为其推广应用的限制性因素。本文回顾了近年来国内外关于好氧颗粒污泥稳定性方面的研究进展;梳理分析了影响好氧颗粒污泥运行稳定性的因素,包括宏观角度的反应器构型、水流剪切力、有机负荷、饱食-饥饿期、进水底物、C/N比(碳氮比)、F/M比(营养微生物比),及微观角度的颗粒粒径、胞外聚合物组成、微生物生长速率、菌落结构等;列举并讨论了调整曝气、改变进料方式、添加载体颗粒、选择生长缓慢微生物等强化好氧颗粒污泥稳定性的方法途径;最后指出了好氧颗粒污泥的形成机理仍会是今后的研究重点,同时应利用基因组学工具探究微生物群感效应对颗粒稳定性的作用相关性,结合微生物生态学确定好氧颗粒污泥的最佳运行条件,以期推动该技术的应用与发展。

Aerobic granular sludge has a broad application prospect in the field of wastewater treatment due to its advantages of dense structure,good settlement and impact load resistance.However,the long forming time of particles and the instability of long-term operation have become the limiting factors of its promotion and application.The research progress on the stability of aerobic granular sludge at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed.The factors affecting the operation stability of aerobic granular sludge were analyzed,including the macroscopic reactor configuration,water flow shear force,organic load,sate-starvation period,underwater inflow,C/N ratio,F/M ratio,and the microscopic particle size,extracellular polymer composition,microbial growth rate,colony structure,etc.The methods of enhancing the stability of aerobic granular sludge,such as adjusting aeration,changing feeding methods,adding carrier particles and selecting slow-growing microorganisms,were listed and discussed.Finally,it pointed out that the formation mechanism of aerobic granular sludge will still be the focus of future research.At the same time,genomics tools should be used to explore the relationship between the effect of microbiota sensitivity on particle stability,and the optimal operating conditions of aerobic granular sludge should be determined in the combination with microbial ecology,in order to promote the application and development of this technology.