宁夏细叶百合鳞茎活性物质含量与生态因子的相关性

Correlation between the Contents of Active Substances in Bulbs of Lilium pumilum and Ecological Factors in Ningxia

为探究细叶百合鳞茎活性物质含量与生态因子之间的关系,以宁夏地区自然分布的8个采样地的细叶百合为试验材料,采用福林-肖卡法、硫酸-苯酚法、香草醛-冰醋酸显色法、溴甲酚绿显色法、TOC仪法、全自动凯氏定氮法、钒钼黄比色法、紫外分光光度比色法测定细叶百合鳞茎中4种活性物质(总酚、多糖、皂苷、生物碱)含量及土壤中总有机碳、全氮和全磷的含量。采用冗余分析方法分析细叶百合鳞茎活性物质含量与16个生态因子(经度、纬度、海拔、年均温度、年平均最低温、年平均最高温、水蒸汽压、年均降雨量、风速、太阳总辐射、土壤总有机碳、全磷、全氮、土壤碳氮比、碳磷比和氮磷比)的相关性。结果表明:宁夏细叶百合鳞茎中总酚、多糖、皂苷和生物碱平均含量分别为2.11,19.95,1.44,12.57 mg/g。RDA分析表明,环境变量对4种活性物质总解释量为61.6%,宁夏细叶百合鳞茎中皂苷含量随水蒸气压、年均降雨量的增加而增加,随纬度、太阳总辐射的增加而降低;多糖和生物碱含量随气候因子变化无显著变化规律。土壤中全氮含量增加能明显提高细叶百合鳞茎中皂苷和多糖含量;细叶百合鳞茎多酚类物质含量随土壤碳磷比的增加而增加,生物碱含量随土壤全磷含量的增加而减少。

To investigate the active substance content of the L. pumilum DC bulbs and its relationship with ecological factors, L. pumilum from 8 sampling sites were used as experimental materials. The contents of total phenol, polysaccharide, saponin and alkaloid in L. pumilum bulbs and the contents of total organic carbon(C), total nitrogen(N) and total phosphorus(P) in soil were determined by using the methods of Foling-Shoka eolorimetry, Sulfuric acid-phenol method, Vanillin colorimetry, Bromocresol green colorimetry, TOC analyzer, automatic kjeldahl nitrogen determination apparatus, vanadium molybdate yellow colorimetry and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. And using Redundancy Analysis(RDA)method to analyze the active substance contents and 16 ecological factors, including annual average temperature, annual average minimum temperature, annual average maximum temperature, water vapor pressure, average annual rainfall, wind speed, total solar radiation, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, soil carbon to nitrogen ratio, soil carbon to phosphorus ratio, soil nitrogen to phosphorus ratio. The results showed that: the average contents of total phenol,polysaccharide, saponin and alkaloid in the bulbs of L. pumilum were 2.11, 19.95, 1.44, 12.57 mg/g, respectively. And the RDA analysis showed that the total explanation amount of the four active substances by environmental variables was61.6%. The content of saponin in the bulbs of L. pumilum varies with WVP and MAP, and decrease with the increase of latitude and total solar radiation, which indicates that sufficient water in a certain range was conducive to the accumulation of saponins. The total phenolic content varies with the increase of longitude, indicating that the higher longitude is helpful to the enrichment of polyphenols in L. pumilum bulbs, and alkaloid does not change significantly with climate factors. The increase of total nitrogen content in soil can significantly improve the content of saponin and polysaccharide in L. pumilum bulbs, indicating that the soil with high nitrogen content is conducive to the accumulation of active substances in L. pumilum bulbs in Ningxia. The content of polyphenols increased with the increase of soil C ∶ P, and the content of alkaloid decreased with the increase of soil total phosphorus, indicating that high carbon and low phosphorus soil was conducive to the synthesis and accumulation of active substances in L. pumilum. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the rational utilization and high-quality cultivation of Ningxia L. pumilum.