车辆路径优化问题综述

A Survey of Vehicle Routing Optimization Problems

近年来,中国物流行业发展迅猛,物流网络日益庞大,如何优化车辆路径是降低物流配送成本的关键问题之一。车辆路径问题是一个NP问题,随着国内外学者对VRP问题模型及其求解方法的不断深入研究,发展出了很多具有更多约束条件的分支问题,并且其求解方法也愈发多样。为了进一步梳理国内外VRP问题的研究现状,笔者首先介绍了车辆路径问题、变种问题及其应用背景,其次梳理总结了其求解算法类型,最后重点阐述了化学反应算法、烟花算法、智能水滴算法在车辆路径问题中的应用及改进。

In recent years,China's logistics industry has developed rapidly,and the logistics network has become increasingly large.How to optimize vehicle routes is one of the key issues to reduce logistics distribution costs.The vehicle routing problem is an NP problem.With the continuous in-depth research on the VRP problem model and its solution methods by domestic and foreign scholars,many branch problems with more constraints have been developed,and their solution methods have become more and more diverse.In order to further sort out the research status of VRP problems at home and abroad,the author firstly introduces the vehicle routing problem,variant problems and their application backgrounds,and then summarizes the types of their solving algorithms.Finally,the application and improvement of chemical reaction algorithm,fireworks algorithm and intelligent water drop algorithm in vehicle routing problem are emphasized.