早产儿生命早期肠道菌群的建立及其相关疾病研究进展

Influencing factors of gut microbiota establishment and its relationship with diseases in early life of premature infants:research advances

肠道菌群是一个数量庞大且种类复杂的微生物群落,是人类的“第二基因组”,同时又是一个被遗忘的“器官”,参与调控宿主生理及病理过程。随着检测技术的不断提高,肠道菌群的研究已经成为了热点,其与各个系统疾病关系的研究也不断深入。生命早期(包括胎儿期和婴幼儿期)是婴幼儿尤其是早产儿肠道菌群定植及演替的主要阶段,具备动态变化的特征,且易受多种因素的影响,主要包括剖宫产、母乳喂养减少和抗生素使用。这些因素可能会扰乱生命早期肠道菌群分布,进而影响人类宿主近期或远期健康状况。本文就早产儿生命早期肠道菌群的建立、影响因素及其与疾病关系的研究进展作一综述。

Intestinal flora is a large and complex microbiome,the"second genome"of human beings,and also a forgotten"organ"involved in regulating host physiological and pathological processes.With the continuous improvement of detection technology,the study on intestinal flora has become a hot spot,and research on its relationship with various systemic diseases has also been deepened.Early life(including fetus and infant)is the main stage of colonization and succession of intestinal flora in infants,especially premature infants.It is characterized by dynamic changes and is susceptible to the influence of many factors,including C-section,reduction of breastfeeding and use of antibiotics.These factors may disturb the distribution of intestinal flora in early life and thus affect the near-term or long-term health status of human hosts.In this paper,the establishment of intestinal flora in the early life of preterm infants,the influencing factors and the relationship with disease were reviewed.