有机液体肥对盐碱胁迫下油菜幼苗生理及光合特性的影响

Effects of Organic Liquid Fertilizer on Physiological and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Canola at Seedling Stage Under Saline-alkali Stress

以“华油杂62号”油菜为试材,通过盆栽试验,设置轻、中、重3个不同盐碱梯度,每个盐碱梯度下分别施用有机液体肥2、4、6 mL·kg^(-1),研究了盐碱胁迫下有机液体肥不同施用浓度对油菜幼苗生理特性及光合参数的影响,以期为新疆地区盐碱地饲料油菜的种植提供参考依据。结果表明:施用有机液体肥后,不同盐碱胁迫下油菜幼苗叶片中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量以及净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、气孔导度均有所提升;过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性显著增加(P<0.05)。有机液体肥施用浓度为4、6 mL·kg^(-1)时,中度盐碱胁迫下油菜幼苗的生理及光合参数要优于轻、重度盐碱胁迫处理。有机液体肥在油菜苗前期的施用效果优于苗后期。综上,中度盐碱胁迫下,施用4 mL·kg^(-1)有机液体肥能够明显提高油菜幼苗生理特性及光合参数,使其适应盐碱环境,且苗前期比苗后期更加显著。

Taking canola ‘Huayouza 62’ as the test material, a pot experiment was conducted, the saline-alkali gradient was low, morderate and high, then the organic liquid fertilizer for facilities was 2,4 mL·kg^(-1)and 6 mL·kg^(-1)under each saline-alkali gradient, respectively.The effects of different amounts of organic liquid fertilizer on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of canola at seedling stage under saline-alkali mixed stress were investigated, in order to provide reference for the planting technology of canola in saline-alkali land of Xinjiang.The results showed that the soluble sugar and soluble protein contents, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO_(2) concentration and stomatal conductance of canola seedlings were increased after the application of organic liquid fertilizer under different saline-alkali stress, while the activities of peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase increased significantly(P<0.05).When the concentration of organic liquid fertilizer was 4 mL·kg^(-1)and 6 mL·kg^(-1),the physiological and photosynthetic parameters of canola seedlings under moderate saline-alkali stress were better than those under mildium and severe saline-alkali stress.The effect of applying organic fertilizer in the early stage was better than that in the late stage.In conclusion, the application of 4 mL·kg^(-1)of organic liquid fertiliser under moderate saline-alkali stress significantly improved the physiological characteristics and photosynthetic parameters of oilseed canola seedlings and adapted them to the saline-alkali environment, more significantly in the early seedling stage than in the late seedling stage.