被历史的钢针碰响:“三一八”、闻一多与《诗镌》的创立

By the Steel Needle of History:The March 18th,Wen Yiduo and the Establishment of Supplement of the Morning Post

《晨报·诗镌》创办于1926年4月1日,在后来的新诗史叙述中,其意义主要体现在新诗格律、音节的实验上,这似乎是一种已被“锁定”的常识。然而,《诗镌》的诞生恰恰在“三一八”惨案发生之后不久,创刊号上也集中发表了闻一多、饶孟侃等人回应惨案的诗文。按照闻一多的说法,“铁狮子胡同大流血”之后《诗镌》的创立,不单是一种“碰巧”,更有诗学上的内在相关性。回到历史的语境中,梳理闻一多等人在“三一八”前后的政治参与、诗学思考和特殊的诗体实践,能更完整呈现《诗镌》群体新诗“创格”的意义,也能从一个侧面,揭示20世纪20年代中期剧烈历史变动对新诗观念和感受方式的潜在影响。

Supplement of the Morning Post was started on April 1,1926.In the narrative of the history of the new poetry,its main value has been the experiment on the poetic meter and syllables,which seems to be a common sense that has been“secured with a lock.”The birth of Supplement of the Morning Post happened after the March 18 Massacre,and the inaugural issue also focused on the poems written by Wen Yiduo,Rao Mengkan and others in response to the massacre.According to Wen Yiduo,the establishment of Supplement after the“blooding at Iron Lion Hutong”is not only a“coincidence”,but also has an intrinsic relevance in poetics.Returning to the historical context,and sorting out the political participation,poetic thinking and special poetic practice of Wen Yiduo and others before and after the March 18 Massacre can more completely present the significance of the“creative style”of the new poetry published in Supplement.This practice can also reveal the potential impact of the dramatic historical changes in the mid-1920s on the concept and feeling of new poetry.