8 kA稀土电解槽电磁搅拌数值模拟

Numerical simulation of electromagnetic agitation in 8 kA rare earth electrolytic cell

稀土电解槽内流场速度不稳定,阳极外侧流动过于缓慢,不利于电解反应的充分进行和电解效率的提高。现有研究表明可通过外加磁场对电解质进行搅拌以控制稀土电解槽内的流动情况。对8 kA稀土电解槽进行电磁搅拌模拟,设计在电解质外侧和底部安装不同安匝数铜线圈,然后利用Ansoft Maxwell以及Ansys Fluent软件对电解质部分生成的磁场以及电磁搅拌下的流场进行有限元模拟分析,得到以下主要结论:侧面下方增设线圈在一定安匝数下无法产生电磁搅拌力;侧面上方增设线圈为正弦波,所需线圈安匝数小于底部,而且流场稳定性也更好;底部增设线圈所需安匝数远大于侧面上方,且相比侧面上方位置电磁搅拌的槽内流动情况更为复杂混乱。

The flow field velocity in rare earth electrolytic cell is not stable,the flow outside the anode is far too slow,which is not beneficial to the full electrolytic reaction and the improvement of electrolysis efficiency.The existing study shows the flow status in the electrolytic cell can be controlled by applying external magnetic field to agitate the electrolyte.In this paper,simulation is conducted of the electromagnetic agitation for the 8 kA rare earth electrolytic cell,and design is made that copper coils of various ampere turns are put outside and at the bottom of the electrolyte,then by using the softwares of Ansoft Maxwell and Ansys Fluent,the finite element analysis and simulation are conducted for the magnetic field generated by electrolyte and the flow fieldis subjected to electromagnetic agitation,the following conclusions are got:the addition of coils on the lower part of the side cannot generate electromagnetic agitating force in a certain ampere turns;for the coil added on the upper part of the side,the wave form is sine wave,the ampere turns of the coil needed are less than those of the bottom,and the flow field stability is better;the needed ampere turns of the coil added at the bottom are far more than those on the upper part of the side,and compared with the position at the upper part of the side,the flow status in the cell subjected to electromagnetic agitation is more complex and chaotic.