膳食营养素对儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的影响和作用机制研究进展

Progress on the effect and mechanism of dietary nutrients on attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children

注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)是儿童常见的神经发育障碍。膳食营养是儿童生长发育的基础,营养素通过参与大脑神经发育、神经递质功能以及体内炎症等过程进而影响儿童的行为、认知和学习。饮食不均衡或营养素缺乏与ADHD相关,补充营养素或平衡膳食可改善ADHD儿童的症状。该文综述膳食营养素对ADHD儿童的影响及其相关机制,为ADHD儿童的营养管理提供理论支持。

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children.Studies have shown that dietary nutrition is the basis of children′s growth and development.Nutrients affect children′s behavior,cognition and learning by participating in the processes of brain neural development,neurotransmitter function and inflammation in vivo.Clinical investigations have shown that unbalanced diet or nutrient deficiency is related to ADHD,and supplementation of nutrients or balanced diet can improve the symptoms of ADHD children.In this paper,the effects of dietary nutrients on children with ADHD and their related mechanisms are reviewed to provide theoretical support for the nutritional management of children with ADHD.