特高压输电线路对中波导航天线影响的仿真分析

Simulation of UHV Transmission Line Interfering with Medium Wave Navigation Antenna

针对航空近程导航系统受到复杂电磁环境干扰的实际问题,研究特高压电力输送设施对中波导航系统造成的无源干扰影响。使用电磁学矩量法仿真分析软件,建立特高压输电设施模型以及中波天线模型。采用控制变量的方法,仿真特高压输电设施无源时,电塔数目、电塔与天线的距离对中波天线方向图的影响。另外仿真了中波天线在不同频率时受特高压输电设施无源干扰的影响。结果显示,电塔与天线距离越远,输电线路对中波导航信号的无源干扰越小,而增益的数值越大;塔杆数量越多,天线方向性图的畸变形状趋于稳定,呈现随输电线路方向延伸的趋势。中波导航天线在不同的工作频率下受到输电塔的无源干扰程度随着频率的增加会加重,方向性图也越复杂。研究结果为制定机场中波导航台站抗电磁干扰应对措施提供了依据与参考。

Aiming at the actual problem of the aviation short-range navigation system being interfered by the complex electromagnetic environment, this paper mainly studies the passive interference effects of Ultra High Voltage(UHV) power transmission facilities on the medium wave navigation system. Using electromagnetic moment method simulation analysis software, the UHV transmission facility model and the medium wave antenna model were established. Using the method of controlled variables, the influence of the number of electric towers and the distance between the electric tower and the antenna on the pattern of the medium wave antenna is simulated when the UHV transmission facility is passive. In addition, the influence of passive interference from UHV transmission facilities on medium wave antennas at different frequencies and heights is simulated. The results show that the longer the distance between the tower and the antenna, the less passive interference of the transmission line to the medium wave navigation signal, and the greater the value of the gain. The more the number of tower poles, the more stable the distorted shape of the antenna directional pattern, which shows a tendency to extend along the direction of the transmission line. Under different operating frequencies, the degree of passive interference from the transmission tower to the medium wave navigation antenna will increase as the frequency increases, and the directivity pattern becomes more complicated. The results of this article provide a basis and reference for formulating anti-electromagnetic interference countermeasures for airport medium-wave navigation stations.